Drawing up a schematic is a crucial step in the early stages of electronic product development. Knowing the components and interconnects and how they link to each other is key to creating a successful PCB layout and design.
While it is possible to create a PCB design without a schematic, it is not recommended. Think of the schematic as the blueprint for your home and the PCB as the home construction. Properly considering the schematic before finalizing the PCB layout saves time and money.
It is also essential to determine the size and mechanical requirements of the printed circuit board, along with the component density, to ensure the electronic circuits fit comfortably within the available board area. Consider clearance of the tallest components, routing of internal cable harnesses and wires, strategic connector location, and assembly procedures. Utilizing 3D modeling software can help avoid problems that may arise if these items are not carefully considered in the PCB design.
One of the challenges faced by electrical engineers is passing regulatory testing and certification such as FCC Part 15. Providing adequate ground planes, sufficient layers for your board, and other EMI protective measures can reduce redesign issues and expensive fabrication costs.
Incorporating test points and diagnostic connectors for testing the functionality of the PCB should also be considered in the design process. These measures will aid in verifying each board as it comes off the assembly line.